![]() ![]() In one such study from 1992, participants viewed images of a person engaged in a normal daily activity. One study, for instance, showed that flashing the words “Hershey's Chocolate” on a series of slides during a lecture did not influence whether students purchased Hershey's products during a 10-day period.ġ990s: Although many studies continued to discredit the claim that subliminal messages carried any psychological weight, other research started to uncover subtle effects. Late 1960s–1980s: Scientific studies throughout the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s tended to discredit the claims that subliminal messages could subtly influence behavior. By that time, however, the public had grown concerned-and advertisers and government agencies intrigued-about the manipulative power of these messages. Five years later he admitted he had faked the study. Nobody knew whether these messages would influence people, but they figured it couldn't hurt to try.ġ957: James Vicary, a market researcher, claimed that by flashing the words “Eat Popcorn” and “Drink Coca-Cola” during a movie for a fraction of a second, he significantly increased the sale of these snacks. ![]() In an animated short featuring Daffy Duck in 1943, for example, the words “BUY BONDS” appear briefly on screen. In the mid-20th century the idea famously captured popular attention, but science has only recently begun to parse the actual effects of subliminal messages.ġ943: Subliminal messages were occasionally embedded in radio, film and television programs. The idea that people can be subliminally influenced is ancient-historical evidence suggests that in the fifth century B.C., Greek thinkers attempted to employ subtle yet persuasive language to sneakily influence people.
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